PNN – A French newspaper called him the “King of Robots,” referring to the support of the Zionist regime’s cyber-warfare unit and the creation of thousands of robots to support Pahlavi in cyberspace.
According to the report of Pakistan News Network, the French newspaper Le Figaro wrote in a report titled Israel’s Digital War against the Islamic Republic in the Shadows; Fake Accounts, Likes, and the Shah of Iran: While the US threatens new attacks on Iran to destabilize the Islamic Republic, another battle is taking place online. On social media, the Israeli cabinet is trying to shape the narrative of regime change in Iran and influence public opinion.
According to Le Figaro, “This digital operation uses fake accounts and fake likes to spread specific messages in favor of regime change in Iran. These messages symbolically represent the son of the former Shah of Iran as an alternative face.”
Le Figaro wrote: The goal of this effort is to engineer Iranian public opinion, especially among the younger generations, and to instill the belief that changing the regime and replacing the Islamic Republic with another system (such as a monarchical system or a secular republic) is possible and desirable.
According to the report, these digital campaigns are conducted on platforms such as X (formerly Twitter), Instagram, and other social networks, and utilize tools such as account bots, widespread content distribution, and fake likes to increase the visibility of messages.
Le Figaro wrote: These activities are part of what Israel calls a digital war against the Islamic Republic and are being pursued alongside direct military operations or diplomatic pressure.
The French-language media outlet added: Fake accounts and fake likes are designed to highlight specific posts and messages and make certain ideas more visible to Iranian audiences.
According to the report, symbols such as the Shah of Iran (referring to Reza Pahlavi) are featured prominently in some of these messages to reinforce a sense of nostalgia or hope for change.
95% of pro-Pahlavi accounts are fake
Le Figaro wrote: At the same time as political and military pressure against the Islamic Republic, Israel is engaged in an information and narrative-building war online to promote specific narratives about Iran’s future through social networks.
This Western media outlet reported on the Zionist regime’s attempt to make Pahlavi appear popular, adding: 95 percent of the accounts supporting Pahlavi on X are unreal and fake.
Le Figaro wrote: One of the obvious goals of this shadow war is to promote Reza Pahlavi. After the Twelve Day War, another war is being waged online on social media by Israel. Although the pace of operations has slowed on the military front, the war on social media has never stopped.
Stating that content manipulated and produced by artificial intelligence has increased in Iranian cyberspace, this Western media outlet wrote: Cyberspace experts point the finger of blame at Israel.
According to the report, Social Forensics identified 4,765 accounts, each posting more than 100 messages per day, totaling 843 million tweets over their lifetime, which proves the involvement of bots in posting messages.
Astroturfing and the illusion of popular mobilization in cyberspace
Referring to a report published in the fall of 2025 by Citizen Lab (a cyber-security lab affiliated with the University of Toronto), Le Figaro wrote: These profiles were created in 2023 and remained largely inactive for nearly two years, but suddenly became active in early 2025, as military tensions between Israel and Iran increased.
CitizenLab shows that some content was published before similar information was reported by local sources or Iranian media. The researchers point to classic signs of coordination, such as simultaneous publication timings and the lack of credible identities, writing: The degree of coordination observed is not consistent with organic dynamics and suggests centralized planning.
According to the report, among the apparent goals of these activities is the promotion of Pahlavi. He enjoys Israeli support and the monarchist narrative is reinforced on the networks.
Philip May, a researcher at the Social Media Lab at Metropolitan University of Toronto, wrote: Someone is working hard, especially on X, to make Reza Pahlavi appear to be the sole voice of the opposition. Some accounts are sending their messages to a single audience, the US president, to encourage him to take action against Iran.
Le Figaro wrote: The X network is full of accounts with the crown emoji; fake identities used to simulate popular support. This technique, called “astroturfing,” creates the illusion of mass mobilization. A Social Forensics report estimates that more than 95 percent of these accounts are fake and unreal.